Frequency of temporomandibular dysfunction associated with clinical signs and symptoms in a sample of university students, using the Fonseca Anamnestic Index (IAF)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62954/z5r8yn64Keywords:
temporomandibular dysfunction, university students, riskAbstract
Introduction: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a group of conditions that affect the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the muscles that control jaw movement. These disorders are characterized by specific symptoms and signs.
Material and methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Fifty university students participated, and temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) was assessed using the Fonseca Anamnestic Index and associated with signs and symptoms. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) test was applied to assess data normality, along with the X2 test and Mann-Whitney U test. SPSS version 27 software was used.
Results: Twenty-one men (42%) and 29 women (58.9%) were included. TMD had a frequency of 58% in the university students analyzed. Severe TMD was associated with soft chewing (p=0.002). Moderate TMD was associated with previous physiotherapy (p=0.036), malocclusion (p=0.031), and hard chewing (p=0.042). Symptoms associated with severe TMD were nocturnal bruxism (p=0.000), morning stiffness (p=0.002), pain on opening (p=0.000), and vertigo (p=0.000). Symptoms associated with moderate TMD included jaw stiffness (p=0.039), muscle tension without tooth clenching (p=0.015), TMJ pain (p=0.004), and tearing (p=0.000). And at a mild level with headache (p=0.001) and tinnitus (p=0.003).
Conclusions: College students with moderate and severe TMD showed a greater association of signs and symptoms, significantly impacting their daily lives.
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